Search results for "ammonia toxicity"
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Acute ammonia neurotoxicity in vivo involves increase in cytoplasmic protein P53 without alterations in other markers of apoptosis.
2007
Acute intoxication with large ammonia doses leads to activation of NMDA receptors in the brain, resulting in oxidative stress and disturbance of mitochondrial function. Altered mitochondrial function is a crucial step in some mechanisms of cellular apoptosis. This study assesses whether ammonia intoxication in vivo leads to induction of apoptotic markers such as permeability transition pore (PTP) formation, caspase-3, and caspase-9 activation, changes in p53 protein, or cytochrome c release. Acute ammonia intoxication did not affect caspase-9 or caspase-3 activities. The mitochondrial membrane potential also remained unaltered in non-synaptic brain mitochondria after injection of ammonia, i…
Acute ammonia toxicity is mediated by the NMDA type of glutamate receptors
1992
AbstractPrevious experiments in our laboratory suggested that ammonium toxicity could be mediated by the NMDA type of glutamate receptors. To assess this hypothesis we tested if MK-801, a specific antagonist of the NMDA receptor, is able to prevent ammonium toxicity. Mice and rats were injected i.p. with 12 and 7 mmol/kg of ammonium acetate, respectively, 73% of the mice and 70% of the rats died. However, when the animals were injected i.p. with 2 mg/kg of MK-801, 15 min before ammonium injection, only 5% of the mice and 15% of the rats died. The remarkable protection afforded by MK-801 indicates that ammonia toxicity is mediated by the NMDA receptor.